BROWN STUDY
Tuesday, December 2, 2014
Sunday, November 16, 2014
HAWKWIND GALACTIC TAROT CARDS (1971)
I came across this double-page spread from a late 1971 issue of IT (International Times), while trawling the IT digital archives. Uncredited but, according to John Coulthart, there's reason to suspect Barney Bubbles' hand in the design. Will try to find out more from the Authorities. Click to get it bigger...
LINK: IT Archives page
Tuesday, November 11, 2014
What exactly is the "real work?"
From Gary Snyder — The Real Work: Interviews & Talks, 1964-1979, ed. Wm. Scott McLean, New Directions, 1980.
Paul Geneson drove from his home in Boulder, Colorado, to California in the summer of 1976 to interview Snyder. The interview first appeared in the Ohio Review (Fall 1977).
....
Paul Geneson: What exactly is the "real work?"
Gary Snyder: I've used that phrase, "the real work," a few times before. I used that term, "the real work," and then I asked myself a lot: what is the real work? I think it's important, first of all, because it's good to work—I love work, work and play are one. And that all of us will come back again to hoe in the ground, or gather wild potato bulbs with digging sticks, or hand-adze a beam, or skin a pole, or scrape a hive—we're never going to get away from that. We've been living a dream that we're going to get away from it, that we won't have to do it again. Put that out of our minds. We'll always do that work. That work is always going to be there. It might be stapling papers, it might be typing in the office. But we're never going to get away from that work, on one level or another. So that's real. The real work is what we really do. And what our lives are. And if we can live the work we have to do, knowing that we are real, and it's real, and that the world is real, then it becomes right. And that's the real work: to make the world as real as it is, and to find ourselves as real as we are within it.
I used that phrase again at the end of the poem "I Went into the Maverick Bar," where we go back out of that bar in Farmington, New Mexico, out onto the highway
under the tough old stars—
. . .
To the real work, to
"What is to be done."
To take the struggle on without the least hope of doing any good. To check the destruction of the interesting and necessary diversity of life on the planet so that the dance can go on a little better for a little longer....
....
Sunday, November 2, 2014
Thursday, June 12, 2014
Wednesday, April 4, 2012
NEW ZETTWOCH COMING DOWN THE PIKE
Love this guy and really looking forward to this new book coming soon from Drawn and Quarterly. Never checked out something by him that didn't leave me with a smile. Grateful to then-Arthur Comics Editor Tom Devlin for getting Zettwoch's work in the magazine years ago. Psyched to see Zettwoch in color as well as the gorgeous pen and ink. More info: Drawn and Quarterly
Friday, March 30, 2012
Saturday, March 24, 2012
Time slipped into the future
Finally posted the Colleen article by John Adamian that ran in Arthur No. 20 (Jan. 2006), the issue with the Sunn0)) gentlemen on the cover. (That one's sold out, sorry sports fans.) Colleen (real name: Cécile Schott) was a highlight for many who attended the ArthurBall festival in L.A. in February, 2006. We flew her in from Paris for what I believe was her first-ever US performance.
Here's the article: arthurmag.com
Here's the article: arthurmag.com
Wednesday, February 29, 2012
GET LAND, FILL IT WITH AS MUCH LIFE AS YOU CAN
Cover from the forthcoming Plankton Wat album...
More info * Thrill Jockey
Regarding paraslavery in China, The New York Times' gadget columnist David Pogue attempts to locate conscience, fails * http://nyti.ms/yBtkQx
"What we’ve seen over the last 30 years is a war on the human imagination" — Author/anthropologist David Graeber on debt, morality, ways of being * http://bit.ly/zuiRtn
If you're thinking about really shutting stuff down, not just talking about it, here's a successful technique: "Nearly 40,000 students from across Southern California staged walkouts, blocking traffic on four freeways. Youths marched down Sunset, Melrose, Laurel Canyon, the Hollywood Fwy in downtown Los Angeles and two sections of the Harbor Freeway. The protests appeared to be loosely organized—mass e-mails, fliers, instant messages, cellphone calls and postings on myspace" * LATimes
DIY MAGIC by Anthony Alvarado is being published by Floating World Comics next month. The book expands on Anthony's columns for Arthur's online presence in 2009-10, and features design work by the brilliant Lord Whimsy and lotsa illustrations by cartoonist folk like Ron Rege, Jr and Kevin Hooyman. My blurb: “Few books are as immediately useful as this delightful, inspirational tips ‘n’ tricks tome. I’m having a backyard betel nut party in five minutes and everyone’s invited!”
More info, pre-order * floatingworldcomics
A C60 of Peter Lamborn Wilson reading from his "Ec(o)logues" is now available from Sloow Tapes. Here's the cover:
"Wilson’s ‘Ec(o)logues’ is a collection of bucolic poetry proposing an anarcho-surrealist Temporary Pastoral Zone, abolishing monetary, electrical and other mediations in favor of a direct experiencing of Paracelsan tantra practices with sylphs and faeries." * Tape is via Sloow Tapes, book Ec(o)logues is available at Amazon.
Earth's Dylan Carlson chooses 13 of his favorite albums * thequietus
Dave Tompkins rolls a big one regarding one of his favorite films, the genuinely bugfuck "The Hellstrom Chronicle" * grantland
Rammellzee in the New York Times. Make sure to check out the slideshow. * NYTimes
D’Angelo and The Testimony – live in Paris, 2012 * http://bit.ly/zvMjS3
One from way back: my 2005 conversation with Ralf Hutter of Kraftwerk. *
arthurmag
OK Go guy confirms: "I am making a record for Lavender Diamond. Our label hopefully will be putting it out this summer" * bit.ly/AzpGsn
Sweet pics of THE GROWLERS recording at Easy Eye Sound Studio in Nashville last year for their new album, produced by DAN AUERBACH of the Black Keys * alyssegafkjen
Congratulations to my friend Mike Mills, writer-director of Beginners, for Christopher Plummer's Oscar win for best supporting actor. I am very happy for them both.
A talk by eco-political sensible radical and science fiction author Kim Stanley Robinson that I'm checking out...
Video description: "Climate change and population growth will combine in the twenty-first century to put an enormous load on humanity's bio-infrastructural support system, the planet Earth. Kim Stanley Robinson argues that our current economic system undervalues both the environment and future human generations, and it will have to change if we hope to succeed in dealing with the enormous challenges facing us. Science is the most powerful conceptual system we have for dealing with the world, and we are certain to be using science to design and guide our response to the various crises now bearing down on us. A more scientific economics—what would that look like? And what else in our policy, habits, and values will have to change?"
Barney Rossett, legendary publisher of Grove Press and the Evergreen Review, died last week at 89. I was lucky enough to spend an hour or two in his presence a few years ago. Obituary for Barney by Douglas Martin * New York Times
Photographer Stacy Kranitz and I did a short piece on the rather remarkable Dick the Butcher of Joshua Tree...
Check it out at Learning to Live Here
Stephanie and I have made some Defend Joshua Tree t-shirts, featuring a design by Arik Roper. They're available for $20 each plus postage. * defendjt.wordpress.com/
I have a twitterer: https://twitter.com/#!/jaywbabcock
More info * Thrill Jockey
Regarding paraslavery in China, The New York Times' gadget columnist David Pogue attempts to locate conscience, fails * http://nyti.ms/yBtkQx
"What we’ve seen over the last 30 years is a war on the human imagination" — Author/anthropologist David Graeber on debt, morality, ways of being * http://bit.ly/zuiRtn
If you're thinking about really shutting stuff down, not just talking about it, here's a successful technique: "Nearly 40,000 students from across Southern California staged walkouts, blocking traffic on four freeways. Youths marched down Sunset, Melrose, Laurel Canyon, the Hollywood Fwy in downtown Los Angeles and two sections of the Harbor Freeway. The protests appeared to be loosely organized—mass e-mails, fliers, instant messages, cellphone calls and postings on myspace" * LATimes
DIY MAGIC by Anthony Alvarado is being published by Floating World Comics next month. The book expands on Anthony's columns for Arthur's online presence in 2009-10, and features design work by the brilliant Lord Whimsy and lotsa illustrations by cartoonist folk like Ron Rege, Jr and Kevin Hooyman. My blurb: “Few books are as immediately useful as this delightful, inspirational tips ‘n’ tricks tome. I’m having a backyard betel nut party in five minutes and everyone’s invited!”
More info, pre-order * floatingworldcomics
A C60 of Peter Lamborn Wilson reading from his "Ec(o)logues" is now available from Sloow Tapes. Here's the cover:
"Wilson’s ‘Ec(o)logues’ is a collection of bucolic poetry proposing an anarcho-surrealist Temporary Pastoral Zone, abolishing monetary, electrical and other mediations in favor of a direct experiencing of Paracelsan tantra practices with sylphs and faeries." * Tape is via Sloow Tapes, book Ec(o)logues is available at Amazon.
Earth's Dylan Carlson chooses 13 of his favorite albums * thequietus
Dave Tompkins rolls a big one regarding one of his favorite films, the genuinely bugfuck "The Hellstrom Chronicle" * grantland
Rammellzee in the New York Times. Make sure to check out the slideshow. * NYTimes
D’Angelo and The Testimony – live in Paris, 2012 * http://bit.ly/zvMjS3
One from way back: my 2005 conversation with Ralf Hutter of Kraftwerk. *
arthurmag
OK Go guy confirms: "I am making a record for Lavender Diamond. Our label hopefully will be putting it out this summer" * bit.ly/AzpGsn
Sweet pics of THE GROWLERS recording at Easy Eye Sound Studio in Nashville last year for their new album, produced by DAN AUERBACH of the Black Keys * alyssegafkjen
Congratulations to my friend Mike Mills, writer-director of Beginners, for Christopher Plummer's Oscar win for best supporting actor. I am very happy for them both.
A talk by eco-political sensible radical and science fiction author Kim Stanley Robinson that I'm checking out...
Video description: "Climate change and population growth will combine in the twenty-first century to put an enormous load on humanity's bio-infrastructural support system, the planet Earth. Kim Stanley Robinson argues that our current economic system undervalues both the environment and future human generations, and it will have to change if we hope to succeed in dealing with the enormous challenges facing us. Science is the most powerful conceptual system we have for dealing with the world, and we are certain to be using science to design and guide our response to the various crises now bearing down on us. A more scientific economics—what would that look like? And what else in our policy, habits, and values will have to change?"
Barney Rossett, legendary publisher of Grove Press and the Evergreen Review, died last week at 89. I was lucky enough to spend an hour or two in his presence a few years ago. Obituary for Barney by Douglas Martin * New York Times
Photographer Stacy Kranitz and I did a short piece on the rather remarkable Dick the Butcher of Joshua Tree...
Check it out at Learning to Live Here
Stephanie and I have made some Defend Joshua Tree t-shirts, featuring a design by Arik Roper. They're available for $20 each plus postage. * defendjt.wordpress.com/
I have a twitterer: https://twitter.com/#!/jaywbabcock
Thursday, February 23, 2012
RED SCOUT, GREEN SCOUT: A CONVERSATION WITH AUTHOR KIM STANLEY ROBINSON (1996)
Here's one from way back. Not an especially well-written or well-structured piece, but of historical interest for the KSR quotes & info. I think this may have been my first piece of writing for Sci-Fi Universe, which at that time (1996) was a print magazine edited by Mark A. Altman and published by Larry Flynt. I've given the piece a new title.
RED SCOUT, GREEN SCOUT
A Kim Stanley Robinson interview
by Jay Babcock
Published in Sci-Fi Universe magazine, 1996
"It's a near-future science fiction story, a sort-of environmentalist thriller."
Award-winning science fiction author Kim Stanley Robinson is speaking about the
origins and the writing of his next novel, tentatively entitled Antarctica, due
sometime in late 1997.
"I thought that in the next century, given the population problems and the resource depletion, that since there is probably oil down there, and since there are several nations that are not in the Antarctic Treaty that really don't care about environmentalism very much -- they've already done some preliminary investigations down there that are technically illegal--like Pakistan, who are not treaty countries, it would be easy to concoct a plot that's sort of oil research versus radical environmentalism of the Earth First! variety."
While some writers stick to the hackneyed writers' workshop adage of "write what
you know," Robinson has taken a more unique (and occasionally adventurous)
approach with Antarctica, perhaps best summed up in the mantra of "Research what
you write."
"Antarctica's a nice continent to write about, in that you can read five or six
books and have a really solid sense of what's down there," says Robinson. "And I
read those, and had some notions, and was sort of looking around with the idea
of pursuing these notions in my story.
"Then I found out that the National Science Foundation has an 'Artists and
Writers' program where they send you [to Antarctica] and allow you to go where
you want to do your research, as long as you promise to write or photograph
something directly about Antarctica," Robinson explains. "So I promised them a
science fiction novel set down there. They accepted me into the program, and I
went down to Antarctica last November and December.
"It was like another planet. That flight south from New Zealand was the most
amazing thing I've ever done. The interior of these old Hercules prop planes is
all Star Wars-antique looking- they look ridiculously antique, like over-art
directed stage setting at a Spielberg-type studio, all dinged up. You're trapped
inside this vibrating tin can without much of a view out. The plane just came to
a stop and I realized that we must have landed-a very sweet touchdown,
particularly considering that the flaps had frozen shut and weren't operating.
"I ended up spending six weeks down there, basically tagging along with a
variety of scientific teams doing their research in the field — geology,
meteorology, climatology, astronomy, paleontology, all the dinosaur stuff."
Research—whether it be of the primary or secondary variety—has become an
integral element in Robinson's writing during the last decade. While writing the
just-completed epic "Mars" terraforming trilogy (Red Mars, Green Mars and Blue
Mars), Robinson seems to have done everything short of actually visiting the the
red planet itself.
"There are some very evocative stereopticon pictures of the [Martian] surface
taken from the Viking landings," says Robinson. "The first time I got one of
those pairs of photos to resolve [into a 3-D image by unfocusing the eyes], I
was amazed because there was a surface all filled with humps and hollows to the
nearby horizon, which is very close...
"The history of the Martian surface is different from Earth's, because nothing's been worn down by water or plate tectonic movement. It's just an ancient surface that's been hammered by meteors.
"[Then] I went to Meteor Crater with my family down in [Near Flagstaff] Arizona
and that affected me very much, because that is a well-preserved meteor crater
[like those that pock the surface of Mars]."
Robinson also had at his disposal a loose group of Mars experts.
"There's guys at the Smithsonian Institute in the Air and Space Museum who were
involved in mapping with Mars, and there's an expert on terraforming in Britain,
who's basically an amateur scientist, who's done a whole lot of work on it, and
he and a few other writers in Britain were always on call as well," says
Robinson. "This topic was ripe for someone to tell a story about it because the
real science that's been done about it had never been unleashed before. So I was
in a good situation in that regard."
Perhaps most helpful to Robinson was NASA planetologist Christopher McKay.
"Christopher's a very friendly, helpful guy," says Robinson. "I could always
call him up and ask him totally strange questions that a normal person would
never ask-like, 'If you're down in the middle of the Valis Marinaris, can you
see the canyon's walls on both sides because of the curvature?' For him, it was
always very provocative. He's say, 'Oh well, that's very interesting, let's work
on that...'"
During the seven years that Robinson was writing his Mars trilogy, he never
stopped researching.
"It was a sort of a feedback loop [between researching and writing]," he says.
"I learned more, and between the publication of Red Mars and Green Mars, there
were some very important books that came out. McKay himself published a cover
article in Nature on the terraforming of Mars that really transformed that into
a scientifically respectable question.
"It was a heavy routine of reading, researching and writing. It's what I like to
do with my days. It's my work. I spend every day writing, devoting some part of
the day to writing, and once I get in the groove, it's what I like to do.
"It was supposed to be a three-year project, so it basically doubled. But there
was no helping it; I'd taken on a lot more than I'd thought. When I started
writing it, I'd wanted it to be a big novel, a door-stopper, a thousand-page
book. I'd gotten about 200 pages in and they hadn't even arrived on Mars yet! I
talked it over with my wife at that point and some other friends, editors, and
my agent...[and I realized that] 'Well, we're looking at a science fiction
trilogy,' which is something I've always resisted writing."
In fact, Robinson's Mars trilogy was preceded by the "Orange County Trilogy" of
The Gold Coast, Pacific Edge and The Wild Shore. But Robinson argues that though the
Orange County trilogy was a planned trilogy, "It didn't have the usual structure
of a trilogy. There were some recurring types and situations, there were some
recurring harmonic overtones, like a musical chord. It was more like a musical
chord than it a trilogy in a narrative sense. It's three major notes in a
movement that relate to each other in different ways: alternative histories,
alternative futures, all about 50 years in the future, and all taking place in
the same area, Southern California. And that still strikes me as a neat idea,
and one of the few original ideas I've had in terms of structure."
Robinson's self-appraisal in this regard seems a bit harsh...until you remember
that he holds a PhD. in English from the University of California at San Diego,
and is extremely well-versed in approaches to writing modern fiction. Still,
despite being educated in a hotbed of postmodern literary theory that tends to
elevate obtuseness, Robinson has developed a writing style that simultaneously
features easy-to-understand prose and relatively complex hard science, economic
theory and political ideas.
"From my education in the literary tradition, what I liked the most was a
certain clarity of expression," comments Robinson. "The obscurities of certain
modernisms I never appreciated. There's a certain power to clarity of
expression. I think of it as a personal preference, but it also does speak to an
audience that doesn't have to have special training in literature. They don't
have to be English majors.
"I think of [author] Gabriel Garcia Marquez in that regard, because [25 years ago] American novels were very convoluted and difficult and there were people like John Barthes and Vladimir Nabokov talking about the death of literature and the exhaustion of literature and that there were no stories to be told anymore. I think when the translation of One Hundred Years of Solitude hit [in 1973], it just knocked the stuffing out of these guys. It's obvious from Garcia Marquez that you can still tell a story in straightforward language that is incredibly powerful."
It was also at UCSD that Robinson first encountered the Marxist theory that,
coupled with Robinson's ecological concerns, would inform the thematic and
political content of Robinson's work.
"Frederic Jameson was one of my academic advisors in school," says Robinson. "He
comes from a more traditional '50s Sartrean existential Marxism that has to do
with politics and personal freedom. He taught me a lot about political theory,
because that's his angle on literature. He tends to subsume the environment
underneath the notion of a socialist or Marxist government--that if you truly
want to be an environmentalist, you have to end up being a socialist anyway in
order to get there."
Robinson himself is less decided on the issue, and this is a conflict that he
has played out in the Mars Trilogy.
"I've been thinking about utopias for a long time now and looking at the world
that we live in and the discrepancy between the two is fairly acute. So I think
about politics a fair amount, as much as anyone can stand to, but I think the
environmental concern... It's sort of a chicken-and-the-egg argument: Which is
more important? Although it seems that the environment is the real reality that
we have to adjust to, and the political systems that we make up are there to get
us in a right balance with the environment. So I don't think I have the same fix
on it as Jameson does."
Robinson admits that the political viewpoints of the central characters of the
Mars trilogy represent different aspects of himself. Ann and Sax, Robinson
says, are "me wrestling with my own thoughts on the matter. It's very easy for me to
flip-flop back and forth between the Ann and the Sax points of view, because
depending on what I'm focusing on at that moment, I can really believe in one or
the other of them pretty enthusiastically. But this is what makes me a novelist,
rather than a preacher or a philosopher. Incoherence is not an altogether bad
thing in a novelist if you can sort out the strands and express them clearly. It
means you can be even-handed towards characters and let them speak their own
mind.
"And at a certain point, Ann and Sax take on these lives of their own... Working
hard on these books, I could get to a state where it was like taking down
telephone messages and being a medium about it. And I feel that Ann and Sax have
their own integrity at this point. And that's a lovely feeling, and that's part
of what makes novel writing so nice."
Kim Stanley Robinson: http://kimstanleyrobinson.info
RED SCOUT, GREEN SCOUT
A Kim Stanley Robinson interview
by Jay Babcock
Published in Sci-Fi Universe magazine, 1996
"It's a near-future science fiction story, a sort-of environmentalist thriller."
Award-winning science fiction author Kim Stanley Robinson is speaking about the
origins and the writing of his next novel, tentatively entitled Antarctica, due
sometime in late 1997.
"I thought that in the next century, given the population problems and the resource depletion, that since there is probably oil down there, and since there are several nations that are not in the Antarctic Treaty that really don't care about environmentalism very much -- they've already done some preliminary investigations down there that are technically illegal--like Pakistan, who are not treaty countries, it would be easy to concoct a plot that's sort of oil research versus radical environmentalism of the Earth First! variety."
While some writers stick to the hackneyed writers' workshop adage of "write what
you know," Robinson has taken a more unique (and occasionally adventurous)
approach with Antarctica, perhaps best summed up in the mantra of "Research what
you write."
"Antarctica's a nice continent to write about, in that you can read five or six
books and have a really solid sense of what's down there," says Robinson. "And I
read those, and had some notions, and was sort of looking around with the idea
of pursuing these notions in my story.
"Then I found out that the National Science Foundation has an 'Artists and
Writers' program where they send you [to Antarctica] and allow you to go where
you want to do your research, as long as you promise to write or photograph
something directly about Antarctica," Robinson explains. "So I promised them a
science fiction novel set down there. They accepted me into the program, and I
went down to Antarctica last November and December.
"It was like another planet. That flight south from New Zealand was the most
amazing thing I've ever done. The interior of these old Hercules prop planes is
all Star Wars-antique looking- they look ridiculously antique, like over-art
directed stage setting at a Spielberg-type studio, all dinged up. You're trapped
inside this vibrating tin can without much of a view out. The plane just came to
a stop and I realized that we must have landed-a very sweet touchdown,
particularly considering that the flaps had frozen shut and weren't operating.
"I ended up spending six weeks down there, basically tagging along with a
variety of scientific teams doing their research in the field — geology,
meteorology, climatology, astronomy, paleontology, all the dinosaur stuff."
Research—whether it be of the primary or secondary variety—has become an
integral element in Robinson's writing during the last decade. While writing the
just-completed epic "Mars" terraforming trilogy (Red Mars, Green Mars and Blue
Mars), Robinson seems to have done everything short of actually visiting the the
red planet itself.
"There are some very evocative stereopticon pictures of the [Martian] surface
taken from the Viking landings," says Robinson. "The first time I got one of
those pairs of photos to resolve [into a 3-D image by unfocusing the eyes], I
was amazed because there was a surface all filled with humps and hollows to the
nearby horizon, which is very close...
"The history of the Martian surface is different from Earth's, because nothing's been worn down by water or plate tectonic movement. It's just an ancient surface that's been hammered by meteors.
"[Then] I went to Meteor Crater with my family down in [Near Flagstaff] Arizona
and that affected me very much, because that is a well-preserved meteor crater
[like those that pock the surface of Mars]."
Robinson also had at his disposal a loose group of Mars experts.
"There's guys at the Smithsonian Institute in the Air and Space Museum who were
involved in mapping with Mars, and there's an expert on terraforming in Britain,
who's basically an amateur scientist, who's done a whole lot of work on it, and
he and a few other writers in Britain were always on call as well," says
Robinson. "This topic was ripe for someone to tell a story about it because the
real science that's been done about it had never been unleashed before. So I was
in a good situation in that regard."
Perhaps most helpful to Robinson was NASA planetologist Christopher McKay.
"Christopher's a very friendly, helpful guy," says Robinson. "I could always
call him up and ask him totally strange questions that a normal person would
never ask-like, 'If you're down in the middle of the Valis Marinaris, can you
see the canyon's walls on both sides because of the curvature?' For him, it was
always very provocative. He's say, 'Oh well, that's very interesting, let's work
on that...'"
During the seven years that Robinson was writing his Mars trilogy, he never
stopped researching.
"It was a sort of a feedback loop [between researching and writing]," he says.
"I learned more, and between the publication of Red Mars and Green Mars, there
were some very important books that came out. McKay himself published a cover
article in Nature on the terraforming of Mars that really transformed that into
a scientifically respectable question.
"It was a heavy routine of reading, researching and writing. It's what I like to
do with my days. It's my work. I spend every day writing, devoting some part of
the day to writing, and once I get in the groove, it's what I like to do.
"It was supposed to be a three-year project, so it basically doubled. But there
was no helping it; I'd taken on a lot more than I'd thought. When I started
writing it, I'd wanted it to be a big novel, a door-stopper, a thousand-page
book. I'd gotten about 200 pages in and they hadn't even arrived on Mars yet! I
talked it over with my wife at that point and some other friends, editors, and
my agent...[and I realized that] 'Well, we're looking at a science fiction
trilogy,' which is something I've always resisted writing."
In fact, Robinson's Mars trilogy was preceded by the "Orange County Trilogy" of
The Gold Coast, Pacific Edge and The Wild Shore. But Robinson argues that though the
Orange County trilogy was a planned trilogy, "It didn't have the usual structure
of a trilogy. There were some recurring types and situations, there were some
recurring harmonic overtones, like a musical chord. It was more like a musical
chord than it a trilogy in a narrative sense. It's three major notes in a
movement that relate to each other in different ways: alternative histories,
alternative futures, all about 50 years in the future, and all taking place in
the same area, Southern California. And that still strikes me as a neat idea,
and one of the few original ideas I've had in terms of structure."
Robinson's self-appraisal in this regard seems a bit harsh...until you remember
that he holds a PhD. in English from the University of California at San Diego,
and is extremely well-versed in approaches to writing modern fiction. Still,
despite being educated in a hotbed of postmodern literary theory that tends to
elevate obtuseness, Robinson has developed a writing style that simultaneously
features easy-to-understand prose and relatively complex hard science, economic
theory and political ideas.
"From my education in the literary tradition, what I liked the most was a
certain clarity of expression," comments Robinson. "The obscurities of certain
modernisms I never appreciated. There's a certain power to clarity of
expression. I think of it as a personal preference, but it also does speak to an
audience that doesn't have to have special training in literature. They don't
have to be English majors.
"I think of [author] Gabriel Garcia Marquez in that regard, because [25 years ago] American novels were very convoluted and difficult and there were people like John Barthes and Vladimir Nabokov talking about the death of literature and the exhaustion of literature and that there were no stories to be told anymore. I think when the translation of One Hundred Years of Solitude hit [in 1973], it just knocked the stuffing out of these guys. It's obvious from Garcia Marquez that you can still tell a story in straightforward language that is incredibly powerful."
It was also at UCSD that Robinson first encountered the Marxist theory that,
coupled with Robinson's ecological concerns, would inform the thematic and
political content of Robinson's work.
"Frederic Jameson was one of my academic advisors in school," says Robinson. "He
comes from a more traditional '50s Sartrean existential Marxism that has to do
with politics and personal freedom. He taught me a lot about political theory,
because that's his angle on literature. He tends to subsume the environment
underneath the notion of a socialist or Marxist government--that if you truly
want to be an environmentalist, you have to end up being a socialist anyway in
order to get there."
Robinson himself is less decided on the issue, and this is a conflict that he
has played out in the Mars Trilogy.
"I've been thinking about utopias for a long time now and looking at the world
that we live in and the discrepancy between the two is fairly acute. So I think
about politics a fair amount, as much as anyone can stand to, but I think the
environmental concern... It's sort of a chicken-and-the-egg argument: Which is
more important? Although it seems that the environment is the real reality that
we have to adjust to, and the political systems that we make up are there to get
us in a right balance with the environment. So I don't think I have the same fix
on it as Jameson does."
Robinson admits that the political viewpoints of the central characters of the
Mars trilogy represent different aspects of himself. Ann and Sax, Robinson
says, are "me wrestling with my own thoughts on the matter. It's very easy for me to
flip-flop back and forth between the Ann and the Sax points of view, because
depending on what I'm focusing on at that moment, I can really believe in one or
the other of them pretty enthusiastically. But this is what makes me a novelist,
rather than a preacher or a philosopher. Incoherence is not an altogether bad
thing in a novelist if you can sort out the strands and express them clearly. It
means you can be even-handed towards characters and let them speak their own
mind.
"And at a certain point, Ann and Sax take on these lives of their own... Working
hard on these books, I could get to a state where it was like taking down
telephone messages and being a medium about it. And I feel that Ann and Sax have
their own integrity at this point. And that's a lovely feeling, and that's part
of what makes novel writing so nice."
Kim Stanley Robinson: http://kimstanleyrobinson.info
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